An external hemorrhage is a significant loss of blood that occurs when a visible blood vessel ruptures as a result of trauma. Sharp objects or impacts, falls or blows are the main causes of such an injury. There are three types of hemorrhage: arterial hemorrhage, venous hemorrhage and capillary bleeding.
In arterial hemorrhage, the blood flows quickly and in large quantities, making it difficult to stop. The blood is light red in color, which contrasts with the dark red color of blood in venous hemorrhage. Venous hemorrhage is usually easier to stop. Capillary bleeding is less severe than other types of bleeding and is characterized by a small amount of blood flowing from small blood vessels.
In the case of external bleeding, it is essential to act quickly to prevent excessive and potentially fatal blood loss. First aid measures such as direct compression of the wound, elevation of the injured area and application of a bandage can help control the bleeding until medical help arrives. Knowing what to do in the event of external bleeding is important and can save lives.
Definition and Meaning
External bleeding is a significant loss of blood that occurs when visible blood vessels rupture as a result of trauma. This can be caused by sharp objects, shocks, falls or blows. It can be arterial, venous or capillary, with bleeding most severe and difficult to stop in the case of arterial hemorrhage. Rapid intervention is necessary to avoid excessive and potentially fatal blood loss.
Blood and coagulation mechanisms
The body contains between 5 and 6 liters of blood that circulates between the heart and the blood vessels. When bleeding occurs, clots form and the blood coagulates, which naturally stops the bleeding. This clotting mechanism is complex and involves several factors and proteins. It is important to note that clotting disorders can cause bleeding to become more severe and harder to stop.
Causes and prevention of external bleeding
External bleeding can be caused by:
- sharp objects,
- shocks,
- falls,
- blows,
- etc.
It is important to prevent external bleeding by avoiding trauma or by using protective equipment during certain activities. If bleeding occurs, it is important to keep pressure on the wound and call for help immediately. It is also important to report any history of bleeding disorders so that precautions can be taken if bleeding occurs.
Treatment of external bleeding
Treatment of external bleeding depends on the severity of the wound and the underlying cause. In most cases, treatment consists of keeping pressure on the wound to stop the bleeding and cleaning the wound to prevent infection. It is also important to monitor blood flow and vital signs for excessive blood loss or signs of hypovolemia. If the wound is deep or requires surgical care, medical intervention is necessary.
Possible complications
The possible complications of external bleeding depend on the severity and location of the wound. The most common complications include:
- infection,
- Hematoma,
- difficult healing.
If the wound is deep, there may be damage to internal organs and internal bleeding. It is important to watch carefully for signs of complications and seek medical attention immediately if symptoms such as:
- fever,
- vomiting,
- headaches,
- vision problems.
In brief
External bleeding is a significant loss of blood caused by the rupture of a visible blood vessel. There are different types of hemorrhages, each with its own characteristics and risks. It is important to prevent external bleeding by avoiding trauma and using protective equipment. If a hemorrhage occurs, it is essential to maintain pressure on the wound and to call for help immediately. Treatment of external bleeding depends on the severity of the wound and the underlying cause. It is important to watch carefully for signs of complications and seek medical attention immediately if symptoms develop.